1500s - 1800s
1. Name: Baroque
Date: late 1500s to 1700s
Description:
The Baroque movement began in Italy and
later became popular in France, Germany, Netherlands and Spain. It was
originally associated with tensions in religion within the Western
Christianity. It is more of a realistic style of painting that was the main
style in the late Renaissance. It was developed by Caravaggio, Carracci and
Bernini as well as others. The paintings have more of a dramatic composition,
intense details and emotional subjects, mostly religious. Baroque paintings can
be found in murals and and paintings around cathederals and churches in Italy
and other countries in Europe. This kind of art painted religion in a positive
art therefore many chuches comissioned painters to paint in this style.
Artists: Rembrandt, Vermeer
Bibliography:
http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/c17th-mid19th/baroque.htm
http://emptyeasel.com/2007/10/30/the-baroque-art-movement-artists-and-artwork-of-the-17th-century/
2. Name: Rococo
Date: 1700s
Description: Rococo started in the early 18th century in
France from 1700 and is the “visual representation of the optimism people felt”
in response to new ideas about human existence. The word “Rococo” has derived
from the word “Rocaille” which means “rock work” or “shell work” which was a
motif of that time. The style of art it reflects is irregular and has a lot of
ornamental features.
Artist: Francois Boucher
Bibliography
http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/c17th-mid19th/rococo.htm
http://www.arthistory.net/artstyles/rococo/rococo1.html
1900s
3. Name: Fauvism
Date: 1905
Description: This movement came about in France, and "revolutionized the concept of colour in modern art". The distinctive nature of this style was that the colour was applied to the canvas in small strokes. Vivid colours are used in favour of a subtle and soft palette.
Images: Click here to view image
Artists: Henri Matisse
Bibliography:
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/632949/Vorticism
4. Name: Vorticism
Date: 1912
Description: Vorticism came about in England in the early 1900s and was founded by Wyndham Lewis. The compositions of such artworks were straight edged, sharp and abstract, influenced by Cubism and Futurism
Artists: Wyndham Lewis
Bibliography:
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/632949/Vorticism
5. Name: Dada
Date: WW1 - early 1920s
Description: Dada was a literary and
artistic movement that derived in Europe. The artists involved in this movement
were refugees of the war who congregated in Zurich for protection from the war.
They were so angry about the war that they took to art to vent their
frustrations. They used any form of artistic expression they could find to send
negative messages about nationalism, rationalism and materialism, as well as
anything else that contributed to the war.
Their ideals were the only things that they
really had in common. They referenced an early form of Shock Art by using
humor, throwing around mild obscenities, visual puns and everyday objects in
everyday life. Things like painting a moustache on the Mona Lisa and taking
images of normal objects and calling them art infuriated the general public,
which only encouraged them more. They had one universal rule: never follow any
known rules.
Artists: Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst
Bibliography:
http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one/a/dada.htm
http://www.dadart.com/dadaism/dada/020-history-dada-movement.html
http://www.theartstory.org/movement-dada.htm
6. Name: Magic Realism
Date: 1920s
Description: This movement focuses on the history of the
name itself rather than the actual characteristics of the movement. It came
about in the 1920s by historian Franz Roh who’s views were a reaction to
expressionism. The theory behind the movement combines the surrealist concepts
with indigenous myths within traditional conventions. The art was presented
with strong details and sharp focus. It taps into the viewer’s emotions and
hides a number of messages within a common and ordinary scene.
Artist: Jacek Yerka
Bibliography
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/english/orals/magic_realism.htm
http://www.tendreams.org/magic-art.htm
Description: This movement gained inspiration from the DaDa movement in the early 20s. It was formed by a group or artists and architects lead by Theo Van Doesburg. Functionism was the main focus, with patterns being removed, and only blacks, whites and primary colours being used.
Bibliography
http://char.txa.cornell.edu/art/decart/destijl/decstijl.htm
http://www.designishistory.com/1920/de-stijl/
8. Name: Les Automatistes
Date: 1941 - 1960 Post war Montreal, Canada
Description: The name of this movement is refers to the
group of artists in Montreal who caused political uproar in Quebec and were the
leaders of modern art in the 40s and 50s.
It was founded by painter Paul-Emile
Borduas. The artists involved were influenced by surrealism. The works have
also been described as “action paining” and “lyrical abstraction.
Artists: Marcel Barbeau and Jean-Paul Riopelle
Bibliography
http://www.wsws.org/articles/2010/jan2010/auto-j09.shtml
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/2/5/h5-301-e.html
http://www.artdesigncafe.com/Les-Automatistes-1992
9. Name: Lettrism
Date: Late 1940s
Description: Lettrism was founded in the late forties
and was a reaction against the control of Surrealism. It attempted to get
poetry back into people’s lives. It was developed by Isidore Isou. The style is
characterised by strange arrangements of letters or those that have no meaning.
Artist: Isidore Isou
Bibliography
http://www.wendtroot.com/spoetry/folder4/ng441.html
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/lettrism
10. Name: Photorealism
Date: 1960s
Description: This is an American art movement that began
in the 1960s using photography as its predominant inspiration. It emerged out
of the Pop and Minimalism movements. The style used every day objects such as
cars, signs and shops. Photorealists used a camera to record their subject
matter and then used methods of painting to recreate the print.
Artist: Richard Estes
Bibliography
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/762693/Photo-realism
http://www.arthistory.net/artstyles/photorealism/photorealism1.html
